P21-activated kinase (Pak) encodes a serine/threonine effector kinase for the small GTPases Rac and the product of Cdc42 involved in cytoskeletal regulation. The product of Pak contributes to growth cone guidance, synaptic development, and epithelial morphogenesis in both the ovary and embryo.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase; Activates the JUN N-terminal pathway during dorsal closure.

Stress-activated protein kinase JNK; Responds to activation by environmental stress by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as Jra and also the transcriptional repressor aop, and thus regulates transcriptional activity. Component of the immune response activated by bacterial infection, and is involved in wound healing and in dorsal closure, a morphogenetic movement during embryogenesis. Functions in the systematic response to wounding acting downstream of the Hayan-phenoloxidase PPO1 cascade. Exhibits cytoprotective activity in neuronal c [...]

Myoblast city (mbc) encodes an unconventional bipartite GEF that, in combination with the product of Ced-12, activates the monomeric GTPase encoded by Rac1. It contributes to myoblast fusion, border cell migration and dorsal closure; Belongs to the DOCK family.

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor MSS4 homolog; Guanine-nucleotide-releasing protein that acts on members of the sec4/ypt1/rab subfamily such as Rab8. During egg development, essential for establishing and maintaining epithelial cell polarity by regulating the correct polarized deposition of basal membrane (BM) proteins such as trol/Pcan and vkg/Coll IV to the basal surface of follicular epithelial (FE) cells. Likely to function by restricting the activity of the vesicle transport regulator Rab8 to the basal membrane, and thus directs BM protein-containing vesicles to the basal side o [...]

Rho-associated protein kinase; Rho kinase (Rok) encodes a kinase that, when activated by the GTP form of the product of Rho1, phosphorylates and modulates cytoskeletal proteins, particularly myosin II. Dynamic regulation of this kinase in subcellular locales influences cell polarization, movement, and shape during interphase and mitosis.

Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase; Pak3 (Pak3) encodes a Ser/Thr kinase implicated in myoblast fusion, synapse development, wound healing and border cell migration. It functions downstream of the small Rac GTPases to regulate actin cytoskeletal organization.

WASp, isoform A; WASp (WASp) encodes the homolog of the conserved Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome family of nucleation promoting factors. It enables the Arp2/3 complex to nucleate polymerization of branched microfilament arrays. It contributes to gastrulation, myoblast fusion, synapse morphology at neuromuscular junctions, sensory organ development, and spermatogenesis.

Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Vav) encodes a protein that belongs to the Dbl GEF superfamily. It functions as a GDP/GTP exchange factor for the product of Rac1 and an adaptor protein. Both activities are activated by direct tyrosine phosphorylation.