Sentrin-specific protease 5; Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway: processing of full-length SUMO3 to its mature form and deconjugation of SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins. Has weak proteolytic activity against full-length SUMO1 or SUMO1 conjugates. Required for cell division.

Sentrin-specific protease 1; Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway. The first is the hydrolysis of an alpha-linked peptide bond at the C-terminal end of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) propeptides, SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 leading to the mature form of the proteins. The second is the deconjugation of SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins, by cleaving an epsilon-linked peptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of the mature SUMO and the lysine epsilon-amino group of the target protein. Deconjugates SUMO1 from HIPK2. Deconjugates SUMO1 from [...]

Sentrin-specific protease 3; Protease that releases SUMO2 and SUMO3 monomers from sumoylated substrates, but has only weak activity against SUMO1 conjugates. Deconjugates SUMO2 from MEF2D, which increases its transcriptional activation capability. Deconjugates SUMO2 and SUMO3 from CDCA8. Redox sensor that, when redistributed into nucleoplasm, can act as an effector to enhance HIF1A transcriptional activity by desumoylating EP300. Required for rRNA processing through deconjugation of SUMO2 and SUMO3 from nucleophosmin, NPM1. Plays a role in the regulation of sumoylation status of ZNF148 [...]

Sentrin-specific protease 6; Protease that deconjugates SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins. Processes preferentially poly-SUMO2 and poly-SUMO3 chains, but does not efficiently process SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 precursors. Deconjugates SUMO1 from RXRA, leading to transcriptional activation. Involved in chromosome alignment and spindle assembly, by regulating the kinetochore CENPH-CENPI-CENPK complex. Desumoylates PML and CENPI, protecting them from degradation by the ubiquitin ligase RNF4, which targets polysumoylated proteins for proteasomal degradation. Desumoylates also RPA1, [...]

Sentrin-specific protease 7; Protease that deconjugates SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins, but not SUMO1. Catalyzes the deconjugation of poly-SUMO2 and poly-SUMO3 chains. Has very low efficiency in processing full-length SUMO proteins to their mature forms.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier 1; Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by E3 ligases such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post- translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Involved for insta [...]

SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1, N-terminally processed; The heterodimer acts as an E1 ligase for SUMO1, SUMO2, SUMO3, and probably SUMO4. It mediates ATP-dependent activation of SUMO proteins followed by formation of a thioester bond between a SUMO protein and a conserved active site cysteine residue on UBA2/SAE2.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier 2; Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2, CBX4 or ZNF451. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polyme [...]

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX20, mitochondrial; Essential for the assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (CIV), also known as cytochrome c oxidase. Acts as a chaperone in the early steps of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (MT-CO2/COX2) maturation, stabilizing the newly synthesized protein and presenting it to metallochaperones SCO1/2 which in turn facilitates the incorporation of the mature MT-CO2/COX2 into the assembling CIV holoenzyme.