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STRINGSTRING
STRING protein interaction network
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
Neighborhood
Gene Fusion
Cooccurrence
Coexpression
Experiments
Databases
Textmining
[Homology]
Score
SPZ1Spermatogenic leucine zipper protein 1; Transcription factor that binds to the DNA sequence 5'- CANNTG-3'(E box) and the G-box motif. May play an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation during spermatogenesis (By similarity). (430 aa)    
Predicted Functional Partners:
PAX4
Paired box protein Pax-4; Plays an important role in the differentiation and development of pancreatic islet beta cells. Transcriptional repressor that binds to a common element in the glucagon, insulin and somatostatin promoters. Competes with PAX6 for this same promoter binding site. Isoform 2 appears to be a dominant negative form antagonizing PAX4 transcriptional activity.
   
 
 0.635
HERC2
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HERC2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates ubiquitin- dependent retention of repair proteins on damaged chromosomes. Recruited to sites of DNA damage in response to ionizing radiation (IR) and facilitates the assembly of UBE2N and RNF8 promoting DNA damage- induced formation of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains. Acts as a mediator of binding specificity between UBE2N and RNF8. Involved in the maintenance of RNF168 levels. E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of XPA which influences the circadian oscil [...]
    
 
 0.582
TWIST1
Twist-related protein 1; Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Inhibits myogenesis by sequestrating E proteins, inhibiting trans-activation by MEF2, and inhibiting DNA-binding by MYOD1 through physical interaction. This interaction probably involves the basic domains of both proteins. Also represses expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFA and IL1B. Regulates cranial suture patterning and fusion. Activates transcription as a heterodimer with E proteins. Regulates gene expression differentially, depending on dimer composition. Homodimers induce expression of FGFR2 and POSTN w [...]
   
 
 0.566
DTNA
Dystrobrevin alpha; May be involved in the formation and stability of synapses as well as being involved in the clustering of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
    
 
 0.534
DTNB
Dystrobrevin beta.
    
 
 0.521
TCHHL1
Trichohyalin-like protein 1; Trichohyalin like 1; Belongs to the S-100 family.
  
   0.511
CRISP2
Cysteine-rich secretory protein 2; May regulate some ion channels' activity and therebye regulate calcium fluxes during sperm capacitation.
   
 
 0.490
NEURL4
Neuralized-like protein 4; Promotes CCP110 ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation. By counteracting accumulation of CP110, maintains normal centriolar homeostasis and preventing formation of ectopic microtubular organizing centers.
    
 
 0.476
SNTB2
Beta-2-syntrophin; Adapter protein that binds to and probably organizes the subcellular localization of a variety of membrane proteins. May link various receptors to the actin cytoskeleton and the dystrophin glycoprotein complex. May play a role in the regulation of secretory granules via its interaction with PTPRN.
    
   0.454
GAPDHS
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific; May play an important role in regulating the switch between different pathways for energy production during spermiogenesis and in the spermatozoon. Required for sperm motility and male fertility (By similarity).
   
 
 0.451
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, human, man
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