Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase; Hydrolyzes a variety of dipeptides including L-carnosine but has a strong preference for Cys-Gly. Acts as a functional tumor suppressor in gastric cancer via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. An elevated level of CNDP2 activates the p38 and JNK MAPK pathways to induce cell apoptosis, and a lower level of CNDP2 activates the ERK MAPK pathway to promote cell proliferation. Isoform 2 may play a role as tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Catalyzes the production of N-lactoyl-amino acids from lactate [...]

Tropomyosin alpha-1 chain; Binds to actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells. Plays a central role, in association with the troponin complex, in the calcium dependent regulation of vertebrate striated muscle contraction. Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by interaction with caldesmon. In non-muscle cells is implicated in stabilizing cytoskeleton actin filaments.

Liprin-alpha-1; May regulate the disassembly of focal adhesions. May localize receptor-like tyrosine phosphatases type 2A at specific sites on the plasma membrane, possibly regulating their interaction with the extracellular environment and their association with substrates. Belongs to the liprin family. Liprin-alpha subfamily.

Ras-related protein Rab-11B; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. The small Rab GTPase RAB11B plays a role in endocytic recycling, regulating apical recycling of several transmembrane proteins including cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regul [...]

Dickkopf-like protein 1; Involved in fertilization by facilitating sperm penetration of the zona pellucida. May promote spermatocyte apoptosis, thereby limiting sperm production. In adults, may reduces testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells. Is not essential either for development or fertility.

Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 2; Sperm surface membrane protein that may be involved in sperm- egg plasma membrane adhesion and fusion during fertilization. Could have a direct role in sperm-zona binding or migration of sperm from the uterus into the oviduct. Interactions with egg membrane could be mediated via binding between its disintegrin-like domain to one or more integrins receptors on the egg. This is a non catalytic metalloprotease-like protein.

Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX43; DEAD-box helicase 43.

Translocon-associated protein subunit gamma; TRAP proteins are part of a complex whose function is to bind calcium to the ER membrane and thereby regulate the retention of ER resident proteins; Belongs to the TRAP-gamma family.