STRINGSTRING
STRING protein interaction network
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
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Gene Fusion
Cooccurrence
Coexpression
Experiments
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[Homology]
Score
RHORhodopsin; Photoreceptor required for image-forming vision at low light intensity. Required for photoreceptor cell viability after birth (By similarity). Light-induced isomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal triggers a conformational change that activates signaling via G- proteins. Subsequent receptor phosphorylation mediates displacement of the bound G-protein alpha subunit by the arrestin SAG and terminates signaling. (348 aa)    
Predicted Functional Partners:
GNAT1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-1; Functions as signal transducer for the rod photoreceptor RHO. Required for normal RHO-mediated light perception by the retina (By similarity). Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as the photoreceptor RHO. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Activated RHO promotes GDP release and GTP binding. Signaling is mediated via downstream eff [...]
   
 0.999
GRK1
Rhodopsin kinase GRK1; Retina-specific kinase involved in the signal turnoff via phosphorylation of rhodopsin (RHO), the G protein- coupled receptor that initiates the phototransduction cascade. This rapid desensitization is essential for scotopic vision and permits rapid adaptation to changes in illumination (By similarity). May play a role in the maintenance of the outer nuclear layer in the retina (By similarity). Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GPRK subfamily.
   
 0.999
GRK7
Rhodopsin kinase GRK7; Retina-specific kinase involved in the shutoff of the photoresponse and adaptation to changing light conditions via cone opsin phosphorylation, including rhodopsin (RHO). Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GPRK subfamily.
   
 
 0.998
SAG
S-arrestin short form; Binds to photoactivated, phosphorylated RHO and terminates RHO signaling via G-proteins by competing with G-proteins for the same binding site on RHO. May play a role in preventing light-dependent degeneration of retinal photoreceptor cells (By similarity); Belongs to the arrestin family.
   
 0.995
RCVRN
Recoverin; Acts as a calcium sensor and regulates phototransduction of cone and rod photoreceptor cells. Modulates light sensitivity of cone photoreceptor in dark and dim conditions (By similarity). In response to high Ca(2+) levels induced by low light levels, prolongs RHO/rhodopsin activation in rod photoreceptor cells by binding to and inhibiting GRK1-mediated phosphorylation of RHO/rhodopsin. Plays a role in scotopic vision/enhances vision in dim light by enhancing signal transfer between rod photoreceptors and rod bipolar cells (By similarity). Improves rod photoreceptor sensitivi [...]
   
 0.995
GNB1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
    
 0.994
GNGT1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
   
 0.993
GNAT2
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Transducin is an amplifier and one of the transducers of a visual impulse that performs the coupling between rhodopsin and cGMP- phosphodiesterase; Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily.
   
 0.986
GNAI1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modulated by numer [...]
   
 
 0.982
CRX
Cone-rod homeobox protein; Transcription factor that binds and transactivates the sequence 5'-TAATC[CA]-3' which is found upstream of several photoreceptor-specific genes, including the opsin genes. Acts synergistically with other transcription factors, such as NRL, RORB and RAX, to regulate photoreceptor cell-specific gene transcription. Essential for the maintenance of mammalian photoreceptors (By similarity).
   
  
 0.911
Your Current Organism:
Bos taurus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9913
Other names: B. taurus, Bos bovis, Bos primigenius taurus, Bovidae sp. Adi Nefas, bovine, cattle, cow, dairy cow, domestic cattle, domestic cow
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