STRINGSTRING
STRING protein interaction network
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
Neighborhood
Gene Fusion
Cooccurrence
Coexpression
Experiments
Databases
Textmining
[Homology]
Score
GDF1Growth differentiation factor 1. (369 aa)    
Predicted Functional Partners:
ACVR2A
Activin receptor type-2A; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for activin A, activin B and inhibin A. Mediates induction of adipogenesis by GDF6; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.
   
 0.948
ACVR2B
Activin receptor type-2B; Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase activin type-2 receptor forming an activin receptor complex with activin type-1 serine/threonine kinase receptors (ACVR1, ACVR1B or ACVR1c). Transduces the activin signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating many physiological and pathological processes including neuronal differentiation and neuronal survival, hair follicle development and cycling, FSH production by the pituitary gland, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. Activin is also thought to [...]
   
 0.947
ACVR1B
Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.
    
 0.945
ACVR1C
Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
    
 0.933
CERS1
Ceramide synthase 1.
 
 
  
 0.699
NANOG
Homeobox protein NANOG; Transcription regulator involved in inner cell mass and embryonic stem (ES) cells proliferation and self-renewal. Imposes pluripotency on ES cells and prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic endoderm and trophectoderm lineages. Blocks bone morphogenetic protein-induced mesoderm differentiation of ES cells by physically interacting with SMAD1 and interfering with the recruitment of coactivators to the active SMAD transcriptional complexes. Acts as a transcriptional activator and repressor. Binds optimally to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-TAAT[GT][GT [...]
   
 
 0.529
SMAD2
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2; Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator [...]
    
 
 0.486
TMEM184A
Transmembrane protein 184A; Acts as a heparin receptor in vascular cells (By similarity). May be involved in vesicle transport in exocrine cells and Sertoli cells (By similarity).
      
 0.483
LEFTY2
Left-right determination factor.
   
  
 0.441
CERCAM
Probable inactive glycosyltransferase 25 family member 3; Probable cell adhesion protein involved in leukocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier. Does not express any beta-galactosyltransferase activity in vitro. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 25 family.
   
  
 0.418
Your Current Organism:
Bos taurus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9913
Other names: B. taurus, Bos bovis, Bos primigenius taurus, Bovidae sp. Adi Nefas, bovine, cattle, cow, dairy cow, domestic cattle, domestic cow
Server load: low (24%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.