Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 D2; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Mediates the selective degradation of short- lived and abnormal proteins. Functions in the E6/E6-AP-induced ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Mediates ubiquitination of PEX5 and autoubiquitination of STUB1 and TRAF6. Involved in the signal-induced conjugation and subsequent degradation of NFKBIA, FBXW2-mediated GCM1 ubiquitination and degradation, MDM2-dependent degradation of p53/TP53 and the activation of [...]

N-acylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase; Catalyzes the activation of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) to cytidine 5'-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuNAc), a substrate required for the addition of sialic acid. Has some activity toward NeuNAc, N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) or 2-keto-3-deoxy-D- glycero-D-galacto-nononic acid (KDN).

Akirin-2; Required for the innate immune response. Downstream effector of the Toll-like receptor (TLR), TNF and IL-1 beta signaling pathways leading to the production of IL-6. Forms a complex with YWHAB that acts to repress transcription of DUSP1 (By similarity); Belongs to the akirin family.

UBX domain-containing protein 6; May negatively regulate the ATPase activity of VCP, an ATP- driven segregase that associates with different cofactors to control a wide variety of cellular processes. As a cofactor of VCP, it may play a role in the transport of CAV1 to lysosomes for degradation. It may also play a role in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded proteins. Together with VCP and other cofactors, it may play a role in macroautophagy, regulating for instance the clearance of damaged lysosomes.

Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A; Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition; channels containing GRIN1 and GRIN2A have higher sensitivity to glutamate and faster kineti [...]

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase makorin-1; E3 ubiquitin ligase catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins. These substrates include FILIP1, p53/TP53, CDKN1A and TERT. Keeps cells alive by suppressing p53/TP53 under normal conditions, but stimulates apoptosis by repressing CDKN1A under stress conditions. Acts as a negative regulator of telomerase. Has negative and positive effects on RNA polymerase II- dependent transcription.

Homeobox protein MOX-2; Mesodermal transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis and is required for sclerotome development (By similarity). Activates expression of CDKN1A and CDKN2A in endothelial cells, acting as a regulator of vascular cell proliferation. While it activates CDKN1A in a DNA-dependent manner, it activates CDKN2A in a DNA-independent manner. May have a regulatory role when quiescent vascular smooth muscle cells reenter the cell cycle.

Grifin; Galectin-related inter-fiber protein.

Autophagy-related protein 13; Autophagy factor required for autophagosome formation and mitophagy. Target of the TOR kinase signaling pathway that regulates autophagy through the control of the phosphorylation status of ATG13 and ULK1, and the regulation of the ATG13-ULK1-RB1CC1 complex. Through its regulation of ULK1 activity, plays a role in the regulation of the kinase activity of mTORC1 and cell proliferation.